Wednesday, November 18, 2015

Timeline - 1271 Entry into Israel - 10th of Nissan. Battle of Jericho, - Draiman



1271 Entry into Israel - 10th of Nissan. Battle of Jericho,

Jewish Date
Jewish Events
World Events
Common Dates
2000Beginning of the 2000 years of Torah 1760
2000Abraham and Sarah start teaching Torah. Beginnings of monotheism as a way of lifeCode of Hammurabi1760
2035
2048
Birth of Ishmael - son of Abraham and Hagar
Birth of Isaac. Circumcision of Abraham and his family
 1712
2085Akeidat Yitzchak. The Binding and Near Sacrifice of Isaac.
Isaac and Rebecca. Jacob and Esau. Blessings and Birthright.
  
2108Jacob, Rachel & Leah, 12 Sons = 12 Tribes. Transition from being a family to being a nation. Jacob fights with the angel and is given the name Israel, YisraelHyksos, Shepherd kings, invade Egypt.1652
2199Joseph is sold by his brothers and is taken to Egypt.
Eventually due to his dream interpretations he becomes the Viceroy of Egypt -Ztaphenat Phaneach
Hyksos driven out of Egypt.1561 1567
2238Entry into Egypt by the 70 members of the family of Jacob Settlement in the Land of Goshen - Shepherds18th Dynasty1522
2331Enslavement begins with the death of the last of the 12 sons of Jacob, Levi. Birth of Miriam. Amram, Levi's grandson marries Yocheved, Levi's daughter. They have 3 children Miriam, Aaron and Moses (Batya, daughter of Pharaoh finds Moses in Nile and brings him up in Pharaoh's palace)Thutmose IV? Pitom (Tanis) & Ramses1429
2368Moses - Moshe - 5 levels of test before he is chosen as a prophet at the Burning Bush 1. Leaving palace to identify with brothers 2. Saving Jew from Egyptian oppression 3. Saving one Jew from another 4. Saving one stranger from another stranger. Justice, mercy and humility. 5. Brings water to sheep. 1392
2448Exodus, Desert Plagues, Red Sea, Manna, Clouds of Glory, Well of Miriam.Thutmose III?1312
2448Revelation at Mt. Sinai. Written & Oral Laws given to the entire Jewish people - 3,000,000 prophets.. Moses' prophecy and authority confirmed by personal experience of every Jew; therefore no prophets or miracles etc. may challenge laws received at Sinai. - Bava Metzia 59a - "Not in heaven." Golden calf (replacement of Moses, not G-d!) Yom Kippur - atonement, Teshuvah, 2nd tablets. 12 spies & lack of faith - decree - 9thof Av. 1312
2488Moses write 13 scrolls of the complete Torah and gives one to each tribe, and puts one in the Holy Ark.
Death of Moses outside of Israel - burial place unknown
 1273
2489Joshua - disciple of Moses becomes the leader of the Jewish people. First ordination - semichah - in history.
Entry into Israel - 10th of Nissan. Battle of Jericho, Rachav & spies. (Biblical Archaeology Review - pottery, grain intact, no looting, burnt, collapsed walls, Egyptian relics) 7 years of conquest, 7 years of settlement. East bank and West bank of Jordan. 31 Canaanite city states. Altar at Gilgal, Blessings & curses on Mt. Gerizim and Mt. Eival. Condition of entry to Israel was acceptance of the Torah..
Middle Bronze Age Interchange Period -
(MBI)
Canaanite and Phoenician culture
dominate Israel
1271
2515Death of Joshua - Beginning of Period of Judges- Tribes independent - but advised and ruled by Judges.Philistines - Gaza1245
Othniel, Ehud, Deborah, Gideon, Abimelech, Tola, Yair, Jeftah,
Ibzan, Elon, Abdon, Samson, Eli. Pilegesh Begiva - Civil war!
  
2885Samuel - Chose Jerusalem as capital. Anointed Saul as first king of Israel - Saul loses kingdom - Amalek.Early Greek States founded875
Natan the prophet anoints Solomon. (Samuel dies 28th Iyar - same day Temple Mount recaptured by Israel in 1967).
 
Kings - David, Solomon - philosopher kings. Davidic Lineage starts. Psalms.Assyrian Empire 
2892David becomes King of Israel. Anointed in Hebron and rules from there for 7 years, then moves to Jerusalem. (In 2889 Avner appoints Ish Boshet as king of Israel, who rules for two years) 869
2924Solomon becomes King of Israel. Author of Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs. Peace and prosperity. Concubines- improper conversions, Messianic hope? 837
2928First Temple started (pomegranate relic, mines, stables) 10 continuous miracles of First Temple, Urim Vetumim - Divine PresenceRise of Assyrian Empire832
2964Division of Israel & Judea Rehovoam son of Solomon. Jeroboam. North-10 Tribes. South.- Judah, Benjamin, Priests & Levites. Elijah & prophets of Baal, Achaz & Jezebel 796
Jewish Date
Jewish Events
World Events
Common Dates
3150Isaiah-prophecies of Messianic timesHomer610
3199Hezekiah - Chizkiyahu, becomes king of Judea. Potential Messiah - and considered one of the most righteous of kings.
Under Hezekiah the kingdom became imbued with Torah learning
Shalmanazer - King of Assyria conquers Israel. Settles Samaritans in North.562
3205Assyrians Exile the 10 Tribes. The (good?!) Samaritans. Theories of lost tribes- probably assimilated. King of Assyria invades Judea, beseiges Jerusalem.Senacherib - King of Assyria.
Beginning of Rome
556
3298Jeremiah begins his prophecies - predicts the destruction of the Temple.Confucious 
3320Exile of Judah to Babylon in days of King Yehoyakim.Rise of Babylon 
3338Babylonians destroy First Temple on the 9th of Av and exile the Jews to Babylon. Some flee to Europe. Walls breached on 7thof Tammuz, sacrifices stopped on 17th of Tammuz.
Leave behind a remnant, ruled by Jewish governor, Gedaliah.
On 3rd of Tishrei, Gedaliah is assassinated by Jews.
Nebuchadnezar (According to Greek historians - Temple destroyed in 587)423
3340Jeremiah, Ezekiel Prophecies of destruction and exile, prophecies of return.Socrates, Plato422
3340Babylonian Exile, Daniel. Aramaic becomes Jewish language. Academies of Torah study. Autonomy of internal affairs. 421
3386Proclamation of Cyrus, Return to Israel. Minority returns in Nissan - same month as Exodus from Egypt.Persian Empire372
3390Second Temple startedMedean Empire368
3393Cambys, Achashverosh stops construction. Feast celebrating "extinction" of Jews. Scroll of Esther. 164 "missing" years. 365
3400Purim, Mordechai, Ezra the Scribe Renewal of settlement in Israel in the Golan heights, on the West and East banks of the Jordan river. Peaceful conquestAristotle358
3408Second Temple completed. End of Prophecy. Joy and tears - no Ark, no Urim Vetumim, none of the 10 miracles. 70 years after destructionAlexander the Great353
3441



3515
Men of the Great Assembly establish the Liturgy. Shimon Hatzadik, the High Priest, meets Alexander of Macedon - transition - Prophets to sages. Transition changes confrontation, free-will requires equal & opposite Jewish prophets vs. pagans with supernatural powers - challenge Sages of the Oral Law vs. Greek philosophy (intellect vs. intellect) .
Septuagint - Torah in Greek - Fast of 9thTevet
Ptomelaic Empire in Egypt. Seleucids in Syria.313



246
3648Maccabean Revolt (Strong into hands of weak!) Decrees, Stadiums, Hellenism. Chanuka. Jew vs. Jew Ptolemies, Seleucids - Antiochus. Maccabees (Priests) become kings, form alliance with Rome against Greeks. Beginnings of sectarianism. 164 -> 168
Jonathan brother of Judah becomes king. In-fighting, intrigues and hatred among Hasomonean kings and family.Rise of Roman Empire152
3696Herod & Pompeii make deal - Israel joins Roman EmpirePompeii62
3724Herod - Paranoiac, persecutes sages. Renovates Temple to win popularity, Masada, Herodion (Ref. Josephus) 34 BCE
3700Romans in the Land of Israel (invited) 10
3710Philo of Alexandria 20
3770Essenes - Dead Sea ScrollsEarly Christians10 CE
3728Hillel and Shammai  
3788Exile of Sanhedrin, Rabbi Yochanan ben Zachai  
3827Rabban Gamliel. Yeshu Hanotzri? Roman Occupation Rome initially makes legal exceptions for Judaism, wants Jews as Roman allies not Seleucid allies. Era of Pairs. Roman taxes, decrees. End of great Sanhedrin. 67
The Great RevoltTitus66 -> 73
3828Romans destroy 2nd Temple - 9th of Av About 2,000,000 killed. Cruelty, Exile, Slavery. Ramban - Ki Tavo Rabbi Yochanan Ben Zakai - "Yavneh and its Sages" Prophecies in Deuteronomy 28:42 - Nachmanides commentaryVespasian68
3830Rabbi Akiva, Rabbi Meir (stam Mishnah R. Meir) 24,000 students. 4 into Pardes, Acher.  
3833Masada, the Zealots - Talmudic silence Mikveh.73
Josephus Flavius - Wars of the Jews, Antiquities, Contra-Appion. 38 -> 100
3893Bar Kochba Revolt, Betar - 9th of Av. Rabbis support Bar Kochbah as Messiah until killed by Romans. Bar Kochba letters. Ten martyrsHadrian133
3950Mishnah, Judah the Prince - Rabenu Hakadosh Scholar, Davidic lineage, righteous, Hebrew, wealth. Universal agreementAntonius170 -
190
3953Pescennius Niger - "You ask me to relieve your lands of their taxes; would that I could tax the very air you breathe." 193
Jewish Date
Jewish Events
World Events
Common Dates
40002000 years of Messiah 240
4000Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai - The Zohar  
4073Constantine forbids Jews in Jerusalem. Beginnings of theological anti-Semitism.
Main focus of learning in the Jewish communities of Israel and Babylon becomes the Mishnah. Yarchei Kallah - communal study seminars convened regularly.
Constantine - becomes Christian Rome/Byzantium split. Nicean Council decides on Christian dogma313
4110Jerusalem Talmud - R. Muna ben Yonah, R.Yosi ben Bun 350
4140Hillel II - calendar. Theodosius forbids Sanhedrin to assemble, reaction to Julian's pro-Jewish stance. Calendar adopted at clandestine, & maybe last meeting.Julian the Apostate380
4260Babylonian Talmud Sof Horaah - End of Instruction 500
4360Ravina and Rabbi Ashi. Rabanan Sevorai Last time that all Jewish scholars voted and discussed issues, thus equivalent authority of Sanhedrin. Geonic period beginsBeginnings of Islam - Mohammed600
4384Jews reject Islam, expulsions from Arabia. Rejection by Jews of Islam turns into hatred of Jews by Moslems 624-628
4397Arabs invade Israel 637
4392Emperor Heraclius decrees Jews of Byzantium to be forced into Christianity. 613-661 also in Spain, Gaul & Italy. 632
447190% of Jews under Moslems. (Yellow badge) Generally better off under Islam than under Christianity - closer philosophically (monotheism) & genetically. Dhimmis, tolerated minority under Islam vs. persecuted minority under Christians. Judaism is only problematic to Islam, but is an absolute contradiction to Christianity. "Fight those who do not practice the religion of truth from among those to whom the Book has been brought, until they pay the tribute by their hands, and they be reduced low." Koran - Sura 9:2. Khazars convert to Judaism.Moslem Arabs invade Spain711
4527Anan Ben David - Karaites - threat of schism. Opposition to Oral Law - Fire on Shabbat, cholentpikuach nefesh 767
4650Rabbi Saadya Gaon (the Geonate) First systematic work of Jewish philosophy, partially to combat the Karaite challenge to tradition. Letter of Rav Sherira Gaon.Emperor Charlemagne-800890
4715Four captives - decentralization of Torah. Growth of European and Nth. African Torah centers. Rabeinu Gershom - Light of the Exile - decrees against forced divorce, polygamy, reading others' mail. Decline of Babylonian Academies 955
4773RIF - Rabbi Isaac Alfasi of Morocco creates first condensation and codification of Jewish Law - R. Zerachiah Halevi writes critique of code. 1013
4800Rabbi Shlomo Yitzchaki - RaSHICommentaries on virtual all classic texts. Concise and deep. Systematic grammar, translations, elucidation of verses based on Midrash.
Troyes, Mayence, Worms.
 1040
Rabbi Avraham Ibn Ezra - Fight against Karaites using logic & grammar 1092
48569th of Av - Start of First Crusade resulting in widespread slaughter of Jewish communities in the Rhineland.Crusades1096
4856 
4859
Godfrey de Boullion - Leader of a Crusade - "Kill the heretics amongst us before going to Holy Land."
Jerusalem captured by the Crusaders
 1096 
1099
4895Maimonides - Rambam, R. Moses ben Maimon -student of the Spanish, Middle Eastern & Nth. African schools. Guide, Code, Book of the Commandments, 13 Principles of Faith, Commentary, Letters, Medical writings. Controversy, criticisms. Life in Egypt. Physician of Egyptian court.Saladin - leads Moslems in fight against Crusaders.
(Patient of Rambam)
1135
4906Expulsion from parts of Germany. Desecrating "host", blood libels. Rabenu Yaakov Tam - Baalei HaTosfot - French and German schools.  
4906Second Crusade 1146
4909Almohades bring Islamic intolerance to Spain fostering the spread of Spanish-Jewish culture outside the borders of Spain particularly in Provence, at the crossroads of Sefarad and Ashkenaz. The Orient and Europe 1149
4910R. Yehudah Hachasid - Chasidei Ashkenaz. Era of the Pietists of GermanyBattle of Hastings
1066
1150 - 1217
4920Benjamin of Tudela - Travels of Benjamin 1160
4946Expulsion from France 1186
4949Third Crusade - Widespread massacres of Jews in EnglandRichard Lion Heart1189
4950R. Yehudah Halevi - Kuzari, poems, Hebrew York massacre 1190
4954Nachmanides (1194 - 1270) Ramban, Rabbi Moses ben Nachman. Defender of earlier sages (inc. Rambam) against attacks, Alfasi against R. Zerachiah Halevi. Commentaries- Tanach and Talmud, Kabbalah.Saladin in Jerusalem1194
4992Burning of Maimonides' Guide in Provence (possibly causing - later book-burning by anti - Semitic authorities) 1232

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